Study Finds Menopause Symptoms Can Be PredictedThe number of eggs left in a woman's ovaries are like the grains of sand in an hourglass, ticking away the hours on her biological clock.Researchers now say they may be able to predict when that clock will wind down. And while doctors can't actually count the number of eggs in an ovary, they can measure ovarian volume. British researchers say there's a direct correlation between the two, and by measuring ovarian volume with transvaginal ultrasound, doctors should be able to predict when menopause will set in and how many fertile years a woman has left. According to the study authors, this information will revolutionize the care of women looking for assisted reproductive technologies, including those who were treated for childhood cancers as well as women who want to put off starting a family for whatever reason. Although information still needs to be validated in clinical studies, its benefit is most likely to start with women who are being treated for cancer and women attending fertility clinics, said Tom Kelsey, co-author of the study appearing June 17 in the journal Human Reproduction. "If women looking for some sort of assisted conception and their physicians know that they've got a long time till menopause, then you could plan for a range of treatments," said Kelsey, who is a senior research fellow at the University of St. Andrews in Scotland. "If you knew menopause was likely in four to five years, you'd plan a different set of IVF [in vitro fertilization] treatments." Others reiterate, however, that the findings should be treated with caution. "Should a young woman who is 30 years old go for a test to figure out whether she's got three, five or 10 years left on her fertility? Should she make career decisions and life decisions? Are these data good enough to make those determinations?" asked Dr. Alan Copperman, director of reproductive medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York City. "The answer is obviously no to all of those questions. The predictive value of this test is not good enough to go and tell someone to change their life." According to the article, eggs form in a female's ovary while she is still in the womb, peaking at several million about halfway through gestation and then starting a continuous decline. At birth, there are several hundred thousand and, when menstruation begins, about 300,000. At about age 37, a woman has about 25,000 eggs left, and at menopause only about 1,000. The time at which menopause sets in is widely believed to be based on the number of eggs reaching a critically low threshold. The authors of this study measured ovarian volume with transvaginal ultrasound, then looked at the relationship between ovarian volume -- ovaries shrink as a woman ages -- and number of eggs. They then applied mathematical and computer models to predict menopause. The study authors are negotiating with a medical school to set up clinical trials. The idea would be to follow women to see if their predictions were indeed correct. While these authors have come up with a tool to potentially help women plan their lives, a second study in the same issue of Human Reproduction warned that women might not want to leave it too late. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) could not be relied upon to fully compensate for lack of natural fertility after the age of 35, the article stated. The authors used a computer simulation model to determine that the overall success rate of assisted reproductive technology would be 30 percent for those attempting to get pregnant from age 30, 24 percent for those trying from age 35, and 17 percent from age 40. SOURCES: Tom Kelsey, Ph.D., senior research fellow, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland; Alan Copperman, M.D., director, reproductive medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York; June 17, 2004, Human Reproduction |
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BBC - Health - Ask the doctor - Post-menopausal bleeding The possible causes for bleeding after the menopause. of the menopause process, or whether your bleeding falls into the 'abnormal bleeding' category. Menopause This can cause spotting throughout your cycle or heavy bleeding when In the years immediately after menopause, some women may lose as much as 20 percent Abnormal Uterine Bleeding - October 1, 1999 - American Academy of Dysfunctional uterine bleeding, defined as abnormal bleeding not caused by pelvic . when hormone therapy is started less than 12 months after menopause. OBGYN.net The Significance of Bleeding after the Menopause Banter Bleeding after the menopause or "post-menopausal bleeding" ("PMB") can be may be the cause of abnormal post-menopausal bleeding, Some specific types are Vaginal bleeding: What's normal, what's not? - MayoClinic.com What's considered irregular or abnormal vaginal bleeding? becomes more susceptible to abrasion, often associated with bleeding after sexual intercourse Bleeding Between Periods spotting metrorrhagia causes treatments Are you experiencing irregular bleeding or spotting between periods? as well as when bleeding occurs after menopause or when other symptoms are present. Perimenopausal and menopausal bleeding Any bleeding after bleeding has be absent for over 6 months. How is abnormal uterine bleeding in menopause or perimenopause evaluated? Bleeding after menopause Does bleeding after the menopause always mean cancer?No, but cancer needs to be ruled The most common symptom of cervical cancer is abnormal bleeding. Is Bleeding After Menopause Normal? Uterine bleeding after menopause could be a sign of other health problems. Other things that can cause abnormal bleeding include: Vaginal bleeding - WrongDiagnosis.com Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding abnormal vaginal bleeding, vaginal bleeding between periods, vaginal bleeding after menopause, vaginal bleeding longer Abnormal Uterine Bleeding -- familydoctor.org But cancer is not always the cause of abnormal uterine bleeding. Many other problems can cause bleeding after menopause. Return to top |
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